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2.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 116(3): 404-412, Mar. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248885

ABSTRACT

Resumo Fundamentos: Os mecanismos subjacentes pelos quais a doença cardíaca reumática (DCR) levam à disfunção valvar grave não são totalmente compreendidos. Objetivo: O presente estudo avaliou as alterações histopatológicas nas valvas mitrais (VM) buscando uma associação entre o padrão de disfunção valvar predominante e os achados histopatológicos. Métodos: Em 40 pacientes submetidos à troca da VM devido a DCR e em 20 controles submetidos a transplante cardíaco, foram analisados os aspectos histológicos da VM excisada. Dados clínicos e ecocardiográficos também foram coletados. As análises histológicas foram realizadas usando coloração com hematoxilina-eosina. Determinou-se inflamação, fibrose, neoangiogênese, calcificação e metaplasia adiposa. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. Resultados: A idade média dos pacientes com DCR foi de 53±13 anos, sendo 36 (90%) do sexo feminino, enquanto a idade média dos controles foi de 50±12 anos, semelhante aos casos, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino (70%). O endocárdio valvar reumático apresentou espessura maior que os controles (1,3±0,5 mm versus 0,90±0,4 mm, p=0,003, respectivamente), e infiltrado inflamatório mais intenso no endocárdio (78% versus 36%; p=0,004), com predominância de células mononucleares. Ocorreu fibrose moderada a acentuada mais frequentemente em válvulas reumáticas do que em válvulas controle (100% vs. 29%; p<0,001). Ocorreu calcificação em 35% das valvas reumáticas, principalmente entre as valvas estenóticas, associada à área valvar mitral (p=0,003). Conclusões: Apesar do intenso grau de fibrose, o processo inflamatório permanece ativo na valva mitral reumática, mesmo em doença tardia com disfunção valvar. A calcificação predominou em valvas estenóticas e em pacientes com disfunção ventricular direita.


Abstract Background: The underlying mechanisms by which rheumatic heart disease (RHD) lead to severe valve dysfunction are not completely understood. Objective: The present study evaluated the histopathological changes in mitral valves (MV) seeking an association between the pattern of predominant valvular dysfunction and histopathological findings. Methods: In 40 patients who underwent MV replacement due to RHD, and in 20 controls that underwent heart transplant, histological aspects of the excised MV were analyzed. Clinical and echocardiographic data were also collected. Histological analyses were performed using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Inflammation, fibrosis, neoangiogenesis, calcification and adipose metaplasia were determined. A p value<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: The mean age of RHD patients was 53±13 years, 36 (90%) were female, whereas the mean age of controls was 50±12 years, similar to the cases, with the majority of males (70%). The rheumatic valve endocardium presented greater thickness than the controls (1.3±0.5 mm versus 0.90±0.4 mm, p=0.003, respectively), and a more intense inflammatory infiltrate in the endocardium (78% versus 36%; p=0.004), with predominance of mononuclear cells. Moderate to marked fibrosis occurred more frequently in rheumatic valves than in control valves (100% vs. 29%; p<0.001). Calcification occurred in 35% of rheumatic valves, especially among stenotic valves, which was associated with the mitral valve area (p=0.003). Conclusions: Despite intense degree of fibrosis, the inflammatory process remains active in the rheumatic mitral valve, even at late disease with valve dysfunction. Calcification predominated in stenotic valves and in patients with right ventricular dysfunction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Rheumatic Heart Disease/diagnostic imaging , Calcinosis/diagnostic imaging , Mitral Valve Insufficiency , Mitral Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Middle Aged , Mitral Valve/diagnostic imaging
5.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 31(2): 89-97, Mar.-Apr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-792643

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Primary graft dysfunction is a major cause of mortality after heart transplantation. Objective: To evaluate correlations between donor-related clinical/biochemical markers and the occurrence of primary graft dysfunction/clinical outcomes of recipients within 30 days of transplant. Methods: The prospective study involved 43 donor/recipient pairs. Data collected from donors included demographic and echocardiographic information, noradrenaline administration rates and concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2), interleukins (IL-6 and IL-10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, C-reactive protein and cardiac troponin I. Data collected from recipients included operating, cardiopulmonary bypass, intensive care unit and hospitalization times, inotrope administration and left/right ventricular function through echocardiography. Results: Recipients who developed moderate/severe left ventricular dysfunction had received organs from significantly older donors (P =0.020). Recipients from donors who required moderate/high doses of noradrenaline (>0.23 µg/kg/min) around harvesting time exhibited lower post-transplant ventricular ejection fractions (P =0.002) and required longer CPB times (P =0.039). Significantly higher concentrations of sTNFR1 (P =0.014) and sTNFR2 (P =0.030) in donors were associated with reduced intensive care unit times (≤5 days) in recipients, while higher donor IL-6 (P =0.029) and IL-10 (P =0.037) levels were correlated with reduced hospitalization times (≤25 days) in recipients. Recipients who required moderate/high levels of noradrenaline for weaning off cardiopulmonary bypass were associated with lower donor concentrations of sTNFR2 (P =0.028) and IL-6 (P =0.001). Conclusion: High levels of sTNFR1, sTNFR2, IL-6 and IL-10 in donors were associated with enhanced evolution in recipients. Allografts from older donors, or from those treated with noradrenaline doses >0.23 µg/kg/min, were more frequently affected by primary graft dysfunction within 30 days of surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Tissue Donors , Norepinephrine/administration & dosage , Heart Transplantation/standards , Primary Graft Dysfunction/blood , Postoperative Period , Biomarkers/blood , Norepinephrine/adverse effects , Prospective Studies , Age Factors , Heart Transplantation/mortality , Interleukins/analysis , Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/analysis , Donor Selection/standards , Primary Graft Dysfunction/etiology , Allografts/physiopathology
6.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(9): 632-638, Sep. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-761493

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:To evaluate whether scintigraphy with technetium-99m-labeled ceftizoxime (99mTc-CFT) can differentiate mediastinitis from aseptic inflammation associated with sternotomy.METHODS:Twenty female Wistar rats were randomly distributed into four groups: S (control) -partial upper median sternotomy with no treatment; SW (control) - sternotomy and treatment of sternal wounds with bone wax; SB - sternotomy and infection with Staphylococcus aureus; SWB - sternotomy with bone wax treatment and bacterial infection. Scintigraphy with 99mTc-CFT was performed eight days after surgery and images were collected 210 and 360 min after infusion of the radiopharmaceutical.RESULTS: No animals exhibited clinical signs of wound infection at the end of the experiment, although histological data verified acute inflammatory response in those experimentally infected with bacteria. Scintigraphic images revealed that tropism of 99mTc-CFT to infected sternums was greater than to their non-infected counterparts. Mean counts of radioactivity in bacteria-infected sternal regions (SB and SWB) were significantly higher (p = 0.0007) than those of the respective controls (S and SW).CONCLUSION:Scintigraphy with technetium-99m-labeled ceftizoxime is a method that can potentially detect infection post sternotomy and differentiate from aseptic inflammation in animals experimentally inoculated with S. aureus.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Ceftizoxime/analogs & derivatives , Mediastinitis , Organotechnetium Compounds , Sternotomy/adverse effects , Sternum , Surgical Wound Infection , Disease Models, Animal , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Staphylococcus aureus , Staphylococcal Infections , Sternum/microbiology , Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology
7.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 28(1): 16-18, jan.-mar.2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-773026

ABSTRACT

Alterações estruturais provenientes da displasia arritmogênica ventricular direita criam um importantesubstrato para focos de taquicardias ventriculares por reentrada. Pacientes com alto risco de desenvolverem essasarritmias são submetidos a tratamento farmacológico associado ao uso de cardiodesfibriladores implantáveis.Porém, em casos mais complexos e refratários, nos quais as terapias adequadas pelo cardiodesfibrilador implantávelsão frequentes, uma nova estratégia se fez necessária, visando à diminuição da morbidade desse subgrupo de pacientes.Estudos recentes demonstram que o mapeamento eletroanatômico associado a ablações por radiofrequênciaendocárdica e epicárdica foi eficaz nesse tratamento adjuvante, diminuindo o número de recorrências dastaquicardias ventriculares.


The structural abnormalities caused by arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia create an importantsubstrate for ventricular tachycardia due to anatomic reentry. Patients at high risk of presenting arrhythmias aresubmitted to drug treatment in combination with the use of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators. However, incomplex and refractory cases, in which appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies are frequent,a new strategy is required to decrease the morbidity of this subgroup of patients. Recent studies demonstrate thatelectroanatomical mapping in combination with endocardial and epicardial radiofrequency catheter ablation is aneffective adjuvant therapy and decreases the rate of ventricular tachycardia recurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Cardiomyopathies/genetics , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/history , Tachycardia, Ventricular/diagnosis , Ablation Techniques
8.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 28(4): 504-508, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-703119

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To identify clinical and echocardiographic indicators of the necessity for early surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm neonates. METHODS: The prospective study was conducted at the Neonatal Unit of Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens between 2006 and 2010. The study population comprised 115 preterm neonates diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus in the first week after birth, of whom 55 (group S) were submitted to clinical and or surgical closure and 60 (group NS) received non-surgical treatment. The parameters analyzed were birth weight, diameter of the ductus arteriosus (DAD), left atrial-to-aortic root diameter ratio (LA:Ao), the quotient of DAD² and birth weight (mm²/kg), and ductal shunting. RESULTS: The study population comprised 58 males and 57 females. The average birth weight of group S (924 ± 224.3 g) was significantly (P=0.049) lower than that of group NS (1012.3 ± 242.8 g). The probability of the preterm neonates being submitted to surgical closure was 62.1% (P=0.006) when the DAD2/birth weight index was > 5 mm²/kg, 72.2% (P=0.001) when the LA:Ao ratio was > 1.5, and 61.2% when ductal shunting was high (P=0.025). CONCLUSION: The parameters DAD²/birth weight index > 5 mm²/kg, LA:Ao ratio > 1.5 and high ductal shunting were statistically significant indicators (P<0.05) of the need for surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in low birth weight preterm neonates. Moreover, when an LA:Ao ratio > 1.5 was associated with the occurrence of shock, the probability of surgical closure increased to 78.4%.


OBJETIVO: Identificar parâmetros clínicos e ecocardiográficos para a indicação do tratamento cirúrgico precoce da persistência do ducto arterial. MÉTODOS: Esse estudo prospectivo foi conduzido na Unidade Neonatal do Hospital Municipal Odilon Behrens entre 2006 e 2010. A população estudada compreendeu 115 neonatos prematuros diagnosticados com persistência do ducto arterial na primeira semana após o nascimento, dos quais 55 (grupo S) foram submetidos ao tratamento clínico e ou cirúrgico e 60 (grupo NS) ao tratamento clínico. Os parâmetros analisados foram peso ao nascer, diâmetro do ducto arterial (DAD), relação diâmetro do átrio esquerdo pelo diãmetro da aorta (AE/Ao), índice DAD2/peso ao nascer e fluxo no ducto. RESULTADOS: O estudo abrangeu 58 pacientes do sexo masculino e 57 do feminino. O peso médio ao nascer do grupo S (924 ± 224,3 g) foi significativamente (P=0,049) menor do que do grupo NS (1012,3 ± 242,8 g). A probabilidade dos neonatos prematuros serem submetidos à cirurgia foi 62.1% (P=0,006) quando o índice DAD2/peso ao nascer era > 5 mm2/kg, 72,2% (P=0,001) quando a razão LA:Ao era > 1,5 e 61,2% (P=0,025) quando o fluxo no ducto era alto. CONCLUSÃO: Os parâmetros DAD²/peso ao nascer > 5 mm²/kg, razão LA:Ao > 1,5 e alto fluxo no ducto foram preditores estatisticamente significativos (P<0,05) da necessidade de fechamento cirúrgico do persistência do ducto arterial em neonatos prematuros com baixo peso ao nascer. Adicionalmente, quando a razão LA:Ao > 1,5 estava associada ao choque, a probabilidade de tratamento cirúrgico aumentou para 78,4%.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Premature Birth/surgery , Aorta/pathology , Aorta , Birth Weight , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/pathology , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , Ductus Arteriosus/pathology , Ductus Arteriosus , Heart Atria/pathology , Heart Atria , Infant, Premature , Logistic Models , Organ Size , Predictive Value of Tests , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , ROC Curve
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(2): 272-274, Mar.-Apr. 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-625189

ABSTRACT

We describe the case of a 41-year-old man with congenital heart disease and infective endocarditis (IE), who presented multiple vegetations attached to the pulmonary, mitral, and aortic valves. Three valve replacements were performed, but the patient developed an abscess at the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa and died due to sepsis. We briefly discuss the indications for surgery in IE, emphasizing its role in the treatment of uncontrolled infection.


Paciente do sexo masculino, 41 anos, portador de cardiopatia congênita apresentando-se com endocardite infecciosa (EI) e vegetações nas valvas pulmonar, aórtica e mitral. Três trocas valvares foram realizadas, mas o paciente evoluiu com recidiva da infecção, desenvolvendo abscesso na região da fibrosa intervalvar mitro-aórtica progredindo para sépsis e óbito. Nesse relato, discutimos brevemente as indicações para a cirurgia na EI, destacando sua indicação no tratamento da infecção não controlada.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Aortic Valve , Endocarditis/diagnosis , Heart Valve Diseases/diagnosis , Mitral Valve , Pulmonary Valve , Echocardiography, Transesophageal , Endocarditis/surgery , Fatal Outcome , Heart Valve Diseases/surgery , Recurrence
11.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(3): 504-507, jul.-set. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624535

ABSTRACT

Cistos pericárdicos são raros, comumente congênitos, com localização mais frequente no ângulo cardiofrênico direito. O diagnóstico é suspeitado pela radiografia de tórax anormal. O presente relato descreve um caso de cisto pericárdico com aspecto radiográfico atípico, em um paciente atleta, manifestando-se clinicamente com sintomas de insuficiência ventricular direita. O diagnóstico foi sugerido pelo ecocardiograma transesofágico e confirmado pelo estudo anatomopatológico.


Pericardial cysts are rare, usually congenital. Cysts frequently occur in the right cardiophrenic angle and their diagnosis is usually suspected after an abnormal chest X ray. The present case report shows a case of pericardial cyst with atypical radiographic aspect in an athletic patient who presented clinical with symptoms of right ventricular failure. The diagnosis was suggested by echocardiogram and subsequently was confirmed by pathologic examination.


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Mediastinal Cyst/complications , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/etiology , Weight Lifting/injuries , Constriction, Pathologic/etiology , Constriction, Pathologic/surgery , Mediastinal Cyst/surgery , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/surgery
12.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 26(1): 54-60, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-624492

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: O paciente com insuficiência cardíaca desenvolve aumento da pressão pulmonar por mecanismo retrógrado e a hipertensão arterial pulmonar (HP) é um marcador de mau prognóstico. OBJETIVO: Correlacionar pressão pulmonar ao ecogardiograma (eco) e ao cateterismo, em pacientes em lista de espera para transplante cardíaco (TC), especialmente nos chagásicos. MÉTODOS: Avaliamos 90 pacientes no HC-UFMG entre 2004 e 2009. Todos realizaram cateterismo e eco no pré-transplante. A idade média foi de 45,5 anos, sendo 68(75,6%) homens, 42(46,7%) chagásicos, 32(35,6%) portadores de miocardiopatia dilatada e 10(11,1%) isquêmicos. RESULTADOS: A eco-PSAP (pressão sistólica arterial pulmonar) média foi de 45 ± 12mmHg. A cat-PSAP média foi de 47 ± 14mmHg. A eco-PSAP-chagásicos foi 41,7 ±12,5 mmHg e não-chagásicos, 47,6 ±12,8 mmHg P=0,04. A cat-PSAP-chagásicos foi de 46 ±12,1 mmHg e não-chagásicos 48,7±12,8mmHg; P=0,43. Oito pacientes apresentavam cat-PSAP>60. A correlação entre a eco-PSAP e o cat-PSAP nos chagásicos foi r=0,45, P=0,008 e nos não-chagásicos de r=0,66, P<0,001. A eco-PSAP-chagásico >32,5mmHg tem uma sensibilidade de 79% e especificidade de 75% para diagnosticar HP, com área sob a curva ROC de 0,819. A eco-PSAP-não chagásico>35,5 mmHg tem sensibilidade de 82% e especificidade de 70% para HP, com área sob a curva ROC de 0,776. CONCLUSÕES: Há boa correlação entre a eco-PSAP e a cat-PSAP (r=0,54) entre os pacientes em fila de espera. A eco-PSAP foi menor no grupo dos chagásicos. O ecocardiograma é um método útil para diagnosticar e monitorar a pressão pulmonar previamente ao TC, especialmente em pacientes chagásicos. Entretanto, não é possível prescindirmos do cateterismo para avaliar a reatividade pulmonar com o teste com vasodilatador e indicar com segurança o TC mesmo nos pacientes chagásicos.


INTRODUCTION: The patients suffering heart failure develop an increase in pulmonary pressure because of a retrograde mechanism. The pulmonary hypertension is a prognostic marker. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to correlate pulmonary hypertension measured by echocardiogram versus catheterization in pre-heart transplant patients on waiting list. METHODS: Data from 90 patients of the Clinical Hospital UFMG were collected between 2004 and 2009. All the patients took an echo and catheterization as an integral part of pre-heart transplant. Mean age was 45.5 years old, 68 (75.6%) male. Fourty-two (46.7%) were Chagas' disease patients, 32 (35.6%) presented idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, 10 (11.1%) had ischemic cardyomiopathy. RESULTS: The mean eco-PASP was 45 ± 12mmHg). The mean cat-PASP was 47 ±14mmHg. The eco-PASP-Chagas was 41.7 ±12,5 mmHg and non-Chagas 47.6 ±12.8 mmHg P=0.04. The cat-PASP-Chagas was 46 ±12.1 mmHg and non-Chagas 48.7 ±12.8 mmHg P=0.43. Eight patients had cat-PASP>60. The correlation between eco-PASP and cat-PASP in Chagas' patients was r=0.45; P=0.008 and in the non-Chagas was r=0.66; P<0.001. The eco-PASP-Chagas>32,5mmHg has a sensitivity of 79% and specificity of 75% to diagnose PH, with an area under the curve of 0.819. The eco-PASP-non-Chagas>35.5 mmHg has a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 70% to diagnose PH, with an area under the curve of 0.776. CONCLUSIONS: There is a good correlation between eco-PASP and cat-PASP (r=0.54) in pre-heart transplant patients. The eco-PASP was lower in the Chagas' group. The echocardiogram is an important method to diagnosis and control pulmonary pressure in pre-heart transplant, specifically in Chagas' patients. The catheterization is still important to evaluate pulmonary reactivity during vasodilation test.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Chagas Disease , Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Heart Transplantation , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Pulmonary Artery , Waiting Lists , Epidemiologic Methods , Hemodynamics/physiology , Hypertension, Pulmonary , Preoperative Care , Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
14.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 24(3): 416-418, jul.-set. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-533276

ABSTRACT

O presente artigo relata o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino, 44 anos, com endocardite em prótese aórtica complicada por abscesso para-protético. Evoluiu com melhora do processo infeccioso apenas com o tratamento clínico. História prévia de doença reumática, submetido a três cirurgias cardíacas para troca valvar por disfunção de prótese e endocardite prévia. Neste relato de caso, discutiremos as características principais do abscesso para-protético como complicação de endocardite


We present a case of a 44-year-old man with prosthetic aortic endocarditis complicated by a perivalvular abscess. He evolved with improvement of the infectious process only under clinical treatment. The patient presented a prior history of rheumatic fever and had previously been undergone three valve replacements due to prosthesis dysfunction and previous endocarditis. In this case report we discuss the main features of perivalvular abscess complicating infective endocarditis


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Abscess/complications , Aortic Valve/surgery , Endocarditis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Heart Valve Prosthesis/adverse effects , Mitral Valve/surgery , Prosthesis-Related Infections/complications , Abscess/drug therapy , Endocarditis, Bacterial/etiology
15.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 47(5): 390-393, set.-out. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-470927

ABSTRACT

A incidência de anormalidades coronarianas na arterite de Takayasu é relativamente baixa. Desde que as lesões variam em cada paciente, os tratamentos percutâneo e cirúrgico requerem planejamento cuidadoso do momento operatório, técnica, uso de materiais e medicação pós-operatória. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino, 24 anos, avaliada pela equipe de Cardiologia e Cirurgia Cardiovascular com quadro clínico de angina estável, sinais e sintomas sugestivos de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva. Propedêutica realizada revelava lesão grave (> 50 por cento) no tronco de coronária esquerda, sendo indicada, a princípio, angioplastia coronariana com implante de stent. Após 3 meses, realizou-se cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica em razão de reestenose. A isquemia miocárdica é uma causa importante de óbito e deve ser prontamente tratada. A abordagem percutânea pode ser a primeira escolha ou servir como ponte para a cirurgia.


The incidence of coronary abnormalities is relatively low in patients with Takayasu's arteritis. Since the lesions vary in each patient, invasive treatment modalities, whether percutaneous or surgical, demand a careful pre-operative planning for the timing, technical approach, materials used as well as post-operative medication. We report a case of a 24-years-old woman that was subjected to clinical evaluation in the Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery Group because of heart failure and chest pain. She was diagnosed with stenosis of the left main coronary artery that required stent implantation. After 3 months of this procedure, she had re-stenosis and a decision for a successful myocardial revascularization was made. Coronary ischemia is a major cause of death that implies immediate treatment. The percutaneous approach can be either the first option or a bridge to surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Takayasu Arteritis/therapy , Coronary Artery Disease , Coronary Stenosis , Myocardial Revascularization
18.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 16(4): 223-226, out.-dez. 2006.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562691

ABSTRACT

A despeito da expectativa de alguns autores, o tratamento convencional da insuficiência cardíaca não proporciona regeneração miocárdica. Para isso, o transplante celular ou cardiomioplastia celular poderia representar nova opção de tratamento da insuficiência cardíaca e doença coronária. Células transplantadas em área isquêmica, bem como em cicatrizes de infarto prévio, melhoram a disfunção miocárdica. São necessários novos trabalhos para confirmar esses resultados, entretanto, os resultados disponíveis são promissores. O futuro próximo sinaliza como terapêutica a reconstrução do miocárdio lesado por replicação de cardiomiócitos, transplante ou ativação de células-tronco. O implante local de células da medula óssea autóloga induz angiogênese e melhora áreas isquémicas do miocardio, prevenindo o remodelamento ventricular e melhorando a função cardíaca.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiomyoplasty , Heart Failure , Cell Transplantation
19.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 20(1): 63-68, Jan.-Mar. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-413209

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a função ventricular diastólica do ventrículo esquerdo(VE)pelo ecocardiograma(ECO)uma e três semanas pós infarto agudo do miocárdio(IAM).Método: Utilizaram-se 19 ratas Wistar com peso médio de 209 gramas. Os animais foram distribuídos em: grupo A, controle(n=7)submetido a ECO e não infartado; grupo B, infartado(n=9), submetido a ECO após uma semana(grupo B1, n=9) e 3 semanas(grupo B3, n=8) do IAM. Três animais morreram no transoperatório e um após o primeiro ECO. Realizou-se anestesia com cetamina(50 mg/Kg/peso) e xilazina(10 mg/kg/peso)intraperitoneal, intubação e ventilação. O IAM foi induzido por ligadura da artéria descendente anterior após toracotomia esquerda. Avaliou-se a função cardíaca por ECO modelo 21275A HP Sonos 1500 com transdutor de 7,5/5,5 MHz e a função diastólica pelo Doppler transmitral com avaliação das ondas A e E, e volume atrial esquerdo(VAE). O IAM foi confirmado por análise histopatológica na terceira semana.Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa na velocidade das ondas E(A=62 cm/s, B1=65 cm/s, B3=69 cm/s) e onda(A=43 cm/s, B1=40 cm/s, B3=41 cm/s)entre os grupos. Observou-se aumento significativo no VAE grupo A vs B1 e grupo A vs B3(A= 0,05 ml vs B1=0,15 ml, p=0,04 e A vs B3=0,14 ml, p=0,01). Todos os animais apresentaram IAM na terceira semana.Conclusões: VAE parece ser útil para definição diastólica do VE pós-IAM. O VAE pode refletir aumento da pressão diastólica final do VE, secundário à disfunção sistólica e/ou diastólica


Subject(s)
Animals , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography/trends , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology , Myocardial Infarction/rehabilitation , Counterpulsation
20.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 79(5): 446-453, nov. 2002. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-325515

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE - To study mitral valve function in the postoperative period after correction of the partial form of atrioventricular septal defect. METHODS - Fifty patients underwent surgical correction of the partial form of atrioventricular septal defect. Their mean age was 11.8 years and 62 percent of the patients were males. Preoperative echocardiography showed moderate and severe mitral insufficiency in 44 percent of the patients. The mitral valve cleft was sutured in 45 (90 percent) patients (group II - GII). Echocardiographies were performed in the early postoperative period, and 6 and 12 months after hospital discharge. RESULTS - The patients who had some type of arrhythmia in the postoperative period had ostium primum atrial septal defect of a larger size (2.74 x 2.08 cm). All 5 patients in group I (GI), who did not undergo closure of the cleft, had a competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in the preoperative period. One of these patients began to have moderate mitral insufficiency in the postoperative period. On the other hand, in GII, 88.8 percent and 82.2 percent of the patients had competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in the early and late postoperative periods, respectively. CONCLUSION - The mitral valve cleft was repaired in 90 percent of cases. Echocardiography revealed competent mitral valve or mild mitral insufficiency in 88.8 percent and 82.2 percent of GII patients in the early and late postoperative periods, respectively


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Heart Septal Defects, Atrial , Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular , Mitral Valve , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Retrospective Studies , Heart Rate , Mitral Valve Insufficiency
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